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Transcultural Psychiatry
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*Chest Pain
*Phobias
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Cardiophobia: A Critical Analysis

Michael J. Zvolensky

University of Vermont, Michael.Zvolensky{at}uvm.edu

Matthew T. Feldner

University of Arkansas, mfeldne{at}uark.edu

Georg H. Eifert

Chapman University, geifert{at}chapman.edu

Anka A. Vujanovic

University of Vermont, avujanov{at}uvm.edu

Sondra E. Solomon

University of Vermont, Sondra.solomon{at}uvm.edu

Cardiophobia, a clinical syndrome that affects hundreds of thousands of individuals in the USA, is characterized by abrupt, recurrent sensations and pain in the chest in the absence of physical pathology. This conceptual article seeks to address the significance of cardiophobia in western culture and to distinguish it from related disorders. In addition, a model of cardiophobia that highlights the role of heart-focused anxiety and interoceptive conditioning in the generation of limited-symptom panic attacks and acute chest pain is presented and vulnerability factors for cardiophobia are discussed. Future research directions relevant to the assessment and treatment of this clinically significant phenomenon are reviewed.

Key Words: cardiophobia • chest pain • heart-focused anxiety • review

Transcultural Psychiatry, Vol. 45, No. 2, 230-252 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/1363461508089766
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